每天服用小劑量阿斯匹靈 “降低罹患癌症的風險”

Small daily aspirin dose 'cuts cancer risk

7 December 2010 Last updated at 00:01 GMT

By Fergus WalshMedical correspondent, BBC News

Prof Peter Rothwell explains why taking aspirin reduces the risk of dying from cancer

Related Stories

彼得·羅思韋爾教授解釋了為什麼服用阿斯匹靈可降低死於癌症的風險

A small daily dose of aspirin - 75mg - substantially reduces death rates from a range of common cancers, a study suggests.

Research at Oxford University and other centres found that it cut overall cancer deaths by at least a fifth.

一項研究顯示，每日服用一份75毫克小劑量的阿斯匹靈 - - 能大大的減少各種常見癌症的死亡率。

在牛津大學和其他金融中心的研究發現，它減少了至少五分之一的癌症總死亡數。

The study, published in the Lancet, covered some 25,000 patients, mostly from the UK.

此項研究，發表在“the Lancet”雜誌，包含了大約25,000名大多數來自英國的患者。

Experts say the findings show aspirin's benefits often outweighed its associated risk of causing bleeding. 

專家說，調查結果顯示阿斯匹靈的效益往往超過其引起出血的相關風險。

Aspirin is already known to cut the risk of heart attack and stroke among those at increased risk. But the protective effects against cardiovascular disease are thought to be small for healthy adults, and aspirin increases the risks of stomach and gut bleeds.

阿斯匹靈是已知能減低心臟病發作和中風的風險。但對心血管疾病的保護作用，對健康成人來說被認為是成效很小，且阿斯匹靈會增加胃腸道出血的風險。

However, this latest research shows that when weighing up the risks and benefits of taking aspirin, experts should also consider its protective effect against cancer.

然而，這項最新研究顯示，當評估服用阿斯匹靈的風險和利益時，專家們也應考慮其對癌症的防護效果。

Those patients who were given aspirin had a 25% lower risk of death from cancer during the trial period and a 10% reduction in death from any cause compared to patients who were not given the drug.

那些被給予阿斯匹靈的患者在試用期內降低25％ 從癌症死亡的風險，且在任何死因方面比不投藥的患者相比減少10％。

Lasting protection

持續性保護

The treatment with aspirin lasted for between four and eight years, but long term-follow-up of around 12,500 patients showed the protective effect continued for 20 years in both men and women.

 

阿斯匹靈治療持續了四到八年之間，但長期追蹤約12500名男性和女性的患者後續顯示持續20多年的保護效益。

We encourage anyone interested in taking aspirin on a regular basis to talk to their GP first”

我們鼓勵有興趣定期服用阿斯匹靈的人須先和他們的家庭醫生來討論“

Ed Young Cancer Research UK

埃德青年英國癌症研究中心

 

Lead researcher Professor Peter Rothwell said the findings might well underestimate the reduction in deaths that would result from longer-term treatment with aspirin.

首席研究員彼得·羅思韋爾教授說，研究結果很可能低估長期服用阿斯匹靈治療會導致降低死亡。

The risk of cancer death was reduced by 20% over 20 years. For individual cancers the reduction was about 40% for bowel cancer, 30% for lung cancer, 10% for prostate cancer and 60% for oesophageal cancer. 

20年來癌症死亡的風險減少了20％。對於個別癌症的死亡當中，腸癌減少約40％，肺癌約30％，前列腺癌約10％和食道癌約60％。

The reductions in pancreas, stomach and brain cancers were difficult to quantify because of smaller numbers of deaths.

因為死亡的人數較少，在胰腺，胃，腦腫瘤的降低較難以量化。

There was also not enough data to show an effect on breast or ovarian cancer and the authors suggest this is because there were not enough women in the trials. Large-scale studies investigating the effects on these cancers are under way.  

也有沒有足夠的數據顯示乳癌或卵巢癌的作用，作者建議，這是因為沒有足夠多的女性參予試驗。正在進行大規模的研究，調查這些癌症的影響。

Professor Rothwell said he was not urging healthy middle-aged adults to immediately start taking aspirin, but said the evidence on cancer "tips things towards it being well worth it". The benefit in cancer reduction were found from a low daily dose of 75mg.

羅思韋爾教授說，他不要求健康的中年人立即開始服用阿斯匹靈，但他表示，對癌症治療的證據“顯示，若這樣做的話是非常值得的。” 研究發現每日服用75mg低劑量阿斯匹靈可減少癌症的益處。

Professor Rothwell said the annual risk of major internal bleeding was about 1 in 1,000 and aspirin roughly doubled that risk. But he said the danger of major bleeding was "very low" in middle age but increased dramatically after 75.

羅思韋爾教授說，每年主要內部出血的風險約為千人中有一人而阿斯匹靈會增加一倍的風險。但他說，在中年人當中嚴重出血的危險是“非常低”的，但75歲後則急劇增加。

Aspirin should be thought of in the same context as lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise which can help to preserve health”

阿斯匹靈應該被認為像健康的飲食和運動“般同樣的背景下，可幫助健康那樣作為改變生活的方式

Professor Peter Elwood Cardiff University

Aspirin: a personal choice for all

A sensible time to consider starting daily aspirin use would be between 45-50, continuing for around 25 years, he said. 

教授彼得·埃爾伍德他說，一個考慮開始每天服用阿斯匹靈的合理時刻，應在45-50歲之間，持續約25年。

Cancer Research UK described the results as "promising". But Ed Yong, head of health information and evidence, said: "We encourage anyone interested in taking aspirin on a regular basis to talk to their GP first."

英國癌症研究中心描述其為“有擔保”的結果。但埃德勇，衛生健康信息和實證的主席說：“我們鼓勵有興趣定期服用阿斯匹靈的人須先和自己的家庭醫生討論。”

Professor Peter Elwood, an epidemiologist from Cardiff University, who carried out some of the first studies into the effects of aspirin on health, said individuals should make up their own minds:

"Aspirin should be thought of in the same context as lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise which can help to preserve health." 

加的夫大學的流行病學家彼得·埃爾伍德教授說，首次完成了一些關於阿斯匹靈對健康影響的研究，個案應該自己下定決心：

阿斯匹靈應該被認為像健康的飲食和運動“般同樣的背景下，可幫助健康那樣作為改變生活的方式

Professor Elwood said taking aspirin at night and with calcium seemed to enhance its effects. He suggested taking it with a glass of milk as this could also reduce stomach irritation.

埃爾伍德教授說，在夜間服用阿斯匹靈和鈣似乎可增強其效果。他建議同時服用一杯牛奶以減少胃部的刺激。