Daily aspirin 'blocks bowel cancer'
27 October 2011 Last updated at 23:04 GMT
Source: By James GallagherHealth reporter, BBC News
Does an aspirin a day keep the cancer
surgeon away?
每天服用一顆阿斯匹靈遠離癌症外科醫生？
A daily dose of aspirin should be given to
people at high risk of bowel cancer, say scientists.
Two pills a day for two years reduced the
incidence of bowel cancer by 63% in a group of 861 at-risk patients, a study
reported in The Lancet said.
科學家們說，應給予腸癌高風險的人每日低劑量的阿斯匹靈。
紐卡斯爾大學的教授John
Burn爵士，領導這項研究，證據顯示“，似乎非常具說服力”。
Other experts said the findings added to a
growing body of proof that aspirin could be used in the fight with cancer.
The study was conducted on 861 patients
with Lynch syndrome, which affects one in every 1,000
people.
其他專家說越來越多的證據增添主體效果，阿斯匹靈可用於與癌症抗爭用藥。
這項研究是對 861位具Lynch綜合徵狀，此症每1000人有一位患者。
They struggle to detect and repair damaged
DNA which means they are more likely to develop a range of cancers including
those of the bowel, womb and stomach.
他們努力檢測和修復受損的DNA，這意味著它們更容易罹患包括腸道，子宮和胃等的癌症。
'Good deal'
When looking at all patients in the trial,
those in the group given 600 milligrams of aspirin every day developed 19
tumours compared to 34 tumours in the other "control" group, a
reduction of 44%.
When the researchers looked at just those
patients who took the medication for at least two years the reduction was 63%.
“好買賣”
對試驗的所有患者，開發了19位有腫瘤者每天給予 600毫克阿斯匹靈的小組對照“控制”組的34位，減少了44％的腫瘤。
當研究人員觀察那些參加至少兩年的藥物治療的患者減少 63％。
There was also an effect on other cancers
linked to Lynch syndrome, which fell by half in the treatment group.
也有癌症連結Lynch綜合徵狀，治療組降低了一半癌症的結果。
Prof Sir John Burn, from Newcastle University ,
said there were 30,000 adults in the UK
紐卡斯爾大學教授John
Burn爵士說：英國有30,000位成年人有Lynch綜合徵狀。
If all were given the treatment he said it
would prevent 10,000 cancers over 30 years and he speculated that this could
possibly prevent 1,000 deaths from the disease.
However, there would also be side effects.
如果所有治療都用此種療法，他說，可預防一萬個癌症超過 30年，他推測，這可能防止1000位死於該病。
不過，此也有副作用。
"If we can prevent 10,000 cancers in
return for 1,000 ulcers and 100 strokes, in most people's minds that's a good
deal," he said.
他說：“如果我們能預防 1萬人罹癌卻有1000人胃潰瘍和100人中風，那在大多數人的心目中，這是一個防止癌症很好的治療方式”。
"People who've got a clear family
history of, particularly, bowel cancer should seriously consider adding low
dose aspirin to their routine and particularly those people who've got a
genetic predisposition."
Aspirin is already well known to reduce the
risk of heart attack and stroke in high risk patients.
“如果已有明確家族史的人，尤其是腸癌罹患者應該認真考慮每天服用低劑量阿斯匹靈作為例行事項。特別是那些已有遺傳傾向的人。”
阿斯匹靈能減少心臟病發作和讓人成為中風高危險者的風險已廣為人知。
Audrey Francis describes herself as "a
bit of a walking time bomb".
奧黛麗弗朗西斯：運行的定時炸彈
There is a history of cancer in her family
and she has been diagnosed with Lynch syndrome.
Seventeen years ago she had a hysterectomy.
That was when doctors discovered she had not one but two cancers - in the womb
and the ovaries.
奧黛麗弗朗西斯描述自己為“運行的定時炸彈”。
在她的家庭有癌症病史，她已被診斷 Lynch綜合徵狀。
17年前，她進行了子宮切除術。當醫生發現她已經不僅只一個而是兩個癌症 - 子宮和卵巢。
Tests showed she had a chunk of DNA missing
which was causing the cancers: "I actually had the inability to stop the
cancers developing," she said.
She took part in the trial and has since
decided to self medicate with aspirin: "I've got my fingers crossed and
I'm hoping it'll do the trick for me."
試驗顯示，她丟失了一大塊的DNA，這是導致癌症的原因：“其實我已經無力阻止癌症發展，”她說。
她參加了試驗，並自己決定服用阿斯匹靈用藥：“我祈禱能有好運並希望它會對我有效。”
Other studies over the past two decades
have suggested the pain killer reduced cancer risk, but this was the first
randomised control trial, specifically for aspirin in cancer, to prove it.
其他的研究顯示在過去二十年這止痛藥減少罹患癌症的風險，但這是第一個隨機對照試驗，特別針對阿斯匹靈在癌症的效用，並證明這一點。
In 2010, a study
suggested patients given aspirin had a 25% lower risk of death during that
trial.
Prof Peter Rothwell, from Oxford University
彼得羅思韋爾 教授說，進行這項研究的牛津大學發表最新研究成果“確實有助於建立一個一致的影像，所有都指向同一方向，與癌症有一聯繫”。
Cancer Research UK's Prof Chris Paraskeva
said: "This adds to the growing body of evidence showing the importance of
aspirin, and aspirin-like drugs, in the fight against cancer."
英國癌症研究中心的Chris
Paraskeva教授說：“增加了越來越多的證據顯示在對抗癌症方面阿斯匹靈，和類阿斯匹靈藥物的重要性。”
'Balanced argument'
“爭論平衡”
One of the questions asked by the research
into aspirin was whether healthy people with no family risks should take the
drug.
The lower the risk of heart attack or
cancer, the lower the benefit of taking aspirin, yet there are still
potentially deadly side effects.
對阿斯匹靈的研究中提出的問題之一的是對那些健康，沒有家族風險者是否應該服用此藥。
對那些罹患心臟病或癌症的風險愈低者，服用阿斯匹靈的好處也會降低，且仍有可能致命的副作用風險。
Sir John said that it was a "finely
balanced argument" and that he decided the risks were worth it for him.
"I think where we're headed for is
people that are in their 50s and 60s would look very seriously at adding a low
dose aspirin to their daily routine because it's giving protection against
cancer, heart attack and stroke.
約翰爵士說，這是一個“微妙平衡的說法”，但對他來說為此決定的風險是值得的。
他說：“我認為像我們這些即將50歲和60歲的人會非常重視日常加入低劑量的阿斯匹靈這件事，因為它對癌症，心臟病發作和中風具保護作用。
"But if they do that they've got to
have their eyes wide open. They will increase their risk of ulcers and
gastrointestinal bleeds and very rarely they will have a stroke caused by the
aspirin."
“但如果他們這樣做，他們必須開放視野注意，他們將會增加潰瘍和胃腸道出血的風險，很少數者則會因服用阿斯匹靈引起中風。”
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