Girls 'hampered by failure fears'
BBC : Monday, 8 June 2009 00:04 UK
Girls tend to perform better than boys at
school
在學校女生的表現傾向比男生好
Girls have a
greater fear of failure than boys despite outperforming them at all stages of
school, a report said.
And these worries could seriously affect
their chances of succeeding in school and work, the Equality and Human Rights
Commission study claimed.
平等和人權委員會的研究聲稱，這些憂慮可能會嚴重影響他們在學校和工作中獲得成功的機會。
* the Equality and Human Rights Commission 平等人權委員會
有一個法定的職權範圍，以促進和監測人權和保護，實施和促進平等橫跨9個“保護”的理由 - 年齡，殘疾，性別，種族，宗教和信仰，懷孕和生育，婚姻，公民夥伴關係，性傾向和性別的重新分配。
It also suggested girls often aim for
careers reinforcing gender stereotypes, such as teaching, childcare and
beauty.
A government spokesman said all children
should have access to good quality impartial careers advice.
But some 94% of the 1,000 English teenagers
surveyed for the report said they needed better careers advice.
它還建議女孩將事業專注於如教學，育兒和美容的目的等強化性別刻板印象的工作。
政府發言人表示，所有兒童都應有機會接受優良品質且公正的職業諮詢。
但該報告調查了1000名英國青少年中，約有94％的人表示，他們需要更好的職業諮詢。
The Commission's report suggested a fifth
of young people had not received one-to-one careers advice, and did not
understand how to achieve their desired goal.
It said despite girls' success at GCSE,
three quarters of women still ended up in the "five Cs" of employment
- cleaning, catering, caring, cashiering and clerical.
委員會的報告建議，五分之一的年輕人，沒有接到一對一的職業諮詢，不知道如何實現自己理想的目標。
它也顯示出，儘管女孩在GCSE測試成功，有四分之三的女生仍然最終仍就選擇“五C”就業 - 清潔，餐飲，關懷，出納及文書。
* GCSE的英文全稱是General Certificate of Secondary Education，中文譯為普通中等教育證書，簡稱為GCSE，是英國學生完成第一階段中等教育所參加的主要會考。
在英國，學生在十四歲左右時進入GCSE課程學習，學制兩年。學生進入GCSE課程後，根據自身的學習能力選擇五至十門科目。這些科目分為必修課和選修課兩種。兩年的課程結束後，需參GCSE的統一考試，學生的成績主要取決於考試，只有少數科目是根據學生全年的學習情況進行評估，考試結果分A+（最高）到G。
This was partly due to stereotyping of
subject choices at school, and school staff consciously or unconsciously
encouraging boys and girls to seek what they perceived to be gender appropriate
subjects.
The report for Britain
It found that although a child's social
background was the biggest determinant of whether they would succeed, gender
also had an effect.
這有部分是由於學校選擇科目有刻版印象，學校工作人員，自覺或不自覺地鼓勵男孩和女孩，尋求他們認為適當性別的定型科目。
英國平等的監督報告關注，在教育體系什麼因素影響兒童成功的機會。
Some 46% of white working class girls
feared educational failure, compared with about a quarter of white middle class
boys.
它發現，雖然孩子的社會背景是，他們是否會成功的最大的決定因素，性別也有效果。
與大約四分之一的白領中產階級男孩比較，約46％的白領工人階級的女孩擔心教育的失敗。
White working class boys and white middle
class girls were equally fearful of failure on 38%.
Children from poorer backgrounds tended to
be less confident of success generally.
38％的白領工人階級的男孩和白領中產階級女生同樣害怕失敗。
來自貧困家庭的兒童一般往往欠缺成功的信心。
The research suggested that some young
people developed an ingrained sense of failure, often due to the school's
emphasis on measuring success by test results.
Findings suggest this can result in
feelings of anxiety and fear which can lead to students dropping out of the
education system.
研究表明，一些年輕人發展了一種根深蒂固的失敗感，往往是由於學校重視對測量成功測試結果。
研究結果表明，這可能會導致焦慮和恐懼的情緒，從而導致學生從教育系統輟學。
The report said one in 10 was so
disillusioned that they were considering leaving education or training.
It pointed out that the traditional system
of education was seen as the most important, with vocational training and
apprenticeships not sufficiently promoted as alternatives.
報告說明，10人當中有一人不再抱持此種幻想，他們正在考慮離開教育或培訓系統。
它指出，傳統的教育體系認為最重要的職業培訓和學徒制，已不足以作為推廣的選擇。
It said: "Schools are looking to see
if pupils fit into the system and can perform well.
"If pupils are not able to cope with
this, the current set-up rarely provides for them. They are all too often left
on the margins and neglected."
它說：“學校希望看到如果學生融入系統，可以表現良好。
“如果學生無法應付，目前的設置能為他們提供的項目很少。他們常任其遊走邊緣並忽略。”
However, the poll suggested 95% of
youngsters felt they were doing "very well" or "fairly
well".
A spokeswoman for the Department for
Children, Schools and Families said: "We will be consulting on statutory
guidance this year, and challenging stereotypes will be a key principle.
然而，民意調查顯示，95％的青少年認為他們自己做得“很好”或“相當好”。
隸屬兒童，學校和家庭部門的一位發言人說：“我們將在今年諮詢法定的指領，挑戰既定的刻板印象，將是一個關鍵的原則。
"New quality standards came into force
last year which set out the services that local authorities should deliver,
including challenging gender-stereotyping and traditional ideas of learning and
work."
“去年地方當局應提供服務的新質量標準生效，包括具有挑戰性的性別定型觀念和傳統思想的學習和工作。
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